Origin and history of Ayurveda (आयुर्वेदोत्पत्तिः आयुर्वेदावतरणं च) - Revision history

DrDevashree: /* Vedas and Ayurveda */

2023-01-09T15:09:16Z

Vedas and Ayurveda

DrDevashree at 15:05, 9 January 2023

2023-01-09T15:05:40Z

DrDevashree: /* Medicine in the Vedas and Puranas */

2023-01-05T14:27:58Z

Medicine in the Vedas and Puranas

DrDevashree: /* Knowledge transfer from Indra to Bharadwaja */

2023-01-05T14:27:03Z

Knowledge transfer from Indra to Bharadwaja

DrDevashree at 13:13, 5 December 2022

2022-12-05T13:13:58Z

DrDevashree at 08:09, 5 December 2022

2022-12-05T08:09:43Z

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DrDevashree at 15:13, 2 December 2022

2022-12-02T15:13:44Z

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DrDevashree at 13:33, 30 November 2022

2022-11-30T13:33:51Z

DrDevashree at 12:22, 28 November 2022

2022-11-28T12:22:42Z

DrDevashree at 12:21, 28 November 2022

2022-11-28T12:21:06Z

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 === Vedas and Ayurveda ===
 '''Ayurveda in Rigveda'''
 Description of natural remedies, sun exposure curing certain diseases.
@@ Line 148: / Line 149: @@
 systematic and comprehensive treatment of medicine is to be found only in the Atharva  Veda.  The Atharva Veda is considered to have originated later than the Rig Veda, and contains a description of diseases and the cure of them.<ref name=":0" />
 === Upanishad ===
 {{Main article|Ayurveda in Upanishadas (उपनिषदेशु आयुर्वेदः)}}
 There are 108 Upanishads which date from around 800-400 BCE. Major references regarding Pranayama are found in some Upanishads esp taittariya and Chandayoga.
@@ Line 156: / Line 158: @@
 Description of certain Dravyas/drugs like Agaru, amla, Amra etc.
-=== Smritis ===
+=== Smritis===
 Vedas are the foundation of Smritis. There are 18 smritis basically, like manusmriti, Naradiya smriti, and Vishnu smriti in total.
 Descriptions about lifestyle, for example, bathing and studying after having meals are contraindicated. This is mentioned in smritis. Thus, concepts that regulate lifestyle in an ayurvedic way are mentioned.
-=== Ramayana and Mahabharata ===
+===Ramayana and Mahabharata===
 These two great epics have mentions of Ayurveda as well.
@@ Line 174: / Line 176: @@
 Usage of poisonous substances
-== Beginnings of Systematic Development ==
+==Beginnings of Systematic Development==
 We shall next consider the period when systematic development can be said to have taken place.  This era is associated with a few illustrious names, the first of whom is Agnivesa.  The Samhita written by him which is classic which has survived to this day has been made available to the world by  Caraka, a redactor.  Historically it would appear that during Caraka’s time the Agnivesa Samhita has fallen into discuse or partly perished, and Charaka undertook  the great task of restoring the work, filing up the gaps and re-writing the parts of the work, which had become obscure.  This will be evident from the subscription to each chapter in which the author states that he has redone the chapter (Pratisamakrita). The work has undergone a further revision by one Dridabala: at least the last 17 chapters devoted to Cikitsa and the whole Kalpa and  Siddhi stanas have been re-written by Dridabala as stated in the colophon of each chapter.<ref name=":0" />
 Story of origin of Ayurveda as per Charaka Samhita sutrasthanam 1
-== References ==
+== References==
 [[Category:Ayurveda]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:05, 9 January 2023
Line 149:		Line 149:

	=== Upanishad ===		=== Upanishad ===
		+	{{Main article\|Ayurveda in Upanishadas (उपनिषदेशु आयुर्वेदः)}}
	There are 108 Upanishads which date from around 800-400 BCE. Major references regarding Pranayama are found in some Upanishads esp taittariya and Chandayoga.		There are 108 Upanishads which date from around 800-400 BCE. Major references regarding Pranayama are found in some Upanishads esp taittariya and Chandayoga.

@@ Line 148: / Line 148: @@
 systematic and comprehensive treatment of medicine is to be found only in the Atharva  Veda.  The Atharva Veda is considered to have originated later than the Rig Veda, and contains a description of diseases and the cure of them.<ref name=":0" />
-=== '''Upanishad''' ===
+=== Upanishad ===
 There are 108 Upanishads which date from around 800-400 BCE. Major references regarding Pranayama are found in some Upanishads esp taittariya and Chandayoga.
@@ Line 155: / Line 155: @@
 Description of certain Dravyas/drugs like Agaru, amla, Amra etc.
-=== '''Smritis''' ===
+=== Smritis ===
 Vedas are the foundation of Smritis. There are 18 smritis basically, like manusmriti, Naradiya smriti, and Vishnu smriti in total.
 Descriptions about lifestyle, for example, bathing and studying after having meals are contraindicated. This is mentioned in smritis. Thus, concepts that regulate lifestyle in an ayurvedic way are mentioned.
-=== '''Ramayana and Mahabharata''' ===
+=== Ramayana and Mahabharata ===
 These two great epics have mentions of Ayurveda as well.

@@ Line 89: / Line 89: @@
 ==== Knowledge transfer from Indra to Bharadwaja ====
-कः सहस्राक्षभवनं गच्छेत् प्रष्टुं शचीपतिम्||१८||
+<blockquote>तस्मै प्रोवाच भगवानायुर्वेदं शतक्रतुः| पदैरल्पैर्मतिं बुद्ध्वा विपुलां परमर्षये||२३||</blockquote>Meaning: Having sensed the intelligence of the great sage, Indra then transferred the knowledge of Ayurveda to him in few words.
-अहमर्थे नियुज्येयमत्रेति प्रथमं वचः|
+This is the legend described in classical text Charaka Samhita about the process of knowledge transfer and origin of Ayurveda in this world thousands and thousands of years ago. But it was the milestone of knowledge transfer and then onwards,
-भरद्वाजोऽब्रवीत्तस्मादृषिभिः स नियोजितः||१९||
+=== Hierarchy of transfer of knowledge of Ayurveda ===
-स शक्रभवनं गत्वा सुरर्षिगणमध्यगम् |
+जग्राह निखिलेनादावश्विनौ तु पुनस्ततः||४||
-ददर्श बलहन्तारं दीप्यमानमिवानलम्||२०||
+अश्विभ्यां भगवाञ्छक्रः प्रतिपेदे ह केवलम्|
-सोऽभिगम्य जयाशीर्भिरभिनन्द्य सुरेश्वरम्|
+ऋषिप्रोक्तो भरद्वाजस्तस्माच्छक्रमुपागमत्||५||
-प्रोवाच विनयाद्धीमानृषीणां वाक्यमुत्तमम्||२१||
+Ayurveda in its entirety as recited by Brahma[[4]] was received by Prajapati [[5]] at first. Then the Ashwins (received) the knowledge. From Ashwins, lord Indra received it fully. That is why Bharadwaja, as beseeched by the sages, came to Indra.[4-5]
-व्याधयो हि समुत्पन्नाः सर्वप्राणिभयङ्कराः|
+== Medicine in the Vedas and Puranas ==
-तद्ब्रूहि मे शमोपायं यथावदमरप्रभो||२२||
+In Rigveda, there are mentions of Rudra and Ashvini Kumaras as the God physicians and their divine work.
-तस्मै प्रोवाच भगवानायुर्वेदं शतक्रतुः|
+There are instances of when Ashvini Kumaras cured Rishi Chyavana of old age, according to certain historians the widely popular '''Chyavanprasha''' was curated by Ashvini Kumaras to cure rishi Chyavana from senility.
-पदैरल्पैर्मतिं बुद्ध्वा विपुलां परमर्षये||२३||
+Mention of surgeries like iron leg transplant can be found.
-Who should go to the abode of Indra to inquire about the correct means of amelioration of disease? On this, volunteered Bharadwaja, “I may be deputed for this work” and so he was deputed by the sages. Having gone to Indra’s abode, he saw Indra- the slayer of ''Bala'' (a demon), sitting in the midst of the groups of godly sages and glittering like fire. He approached him with felicitating words of praises and blessings and the intelligent one submitted to him the message of the sages humbly and in the best possible way- “Diseases causing fear in all living beings have appeared so, O Lord of the Gods! Tell me the proper measure for their amelioration!”. Then Lord Indra, having sensed the wide intelligence of the great sage, delivered to him Ayurveda in a few words. [18-23]
+Usage of single drug medicines
-=== Hierarchy of transfer of knowledge of Ayurveda ===
+There are number of Riks addressed to Marut,  vayu etc, in which the reference to medicine is unmistakable.
-दीर्घं जीवितमन्विच्छन्भरद्वाज उपागमत्|
+=== '''Upanishad''' ===
-इन्द्रमुग्रतपा बुद्ध्वा शरण्यममरेश्वरम्||३||
+There are mentions and explanations regarding prana vata.
-Bharadwaja [[2]], a great scholar, went to the King of Gods and the saviour Indra[[3]], in quest of longevity. [3]
+Description of certain Dravyas/drugs like Agaru, amla, Amra etc.
-ब्रह्मणा हि यथाप्रोक्तमायुर्वेदं प्रजापतिः|
+Descriptions about lifestyle, for example, bathing and studying after having meals are contraindicated. This is mentioned in smritis. Thus, concepts that regulate lifestyle in an ayurvedic way are mentioned.
-जग्राह निखिलेनादावश्विनौ तु पुनस्ततः||४||
+=== '''Ramayana and Mahabharata''' ===
-अश्विभ्यां भगवाञ्छक्रः प्रतिपेदे ह केवलम्|
+In Ramayana there is mention of the dead body preservation of king Dasharatha until Bharata, his son arrives.
-ऋषिप्रोक्तो भरद्वाजस्तस्माच्छक्रमुपागमत्||५||
+Transplantation of organs by Ashwini kumaras
-Ayurveda in its entirety as recited by Brahma[[4]] was received by Prajapati [[5]] at first. Then the Ashwins (received) the knowledge. From Ashwins, lord Indra received it fully. That is why Bharadwaja, as beseeched by the sages, came to Indra.[4-5]
+Various herbs like Kutaja, Nimba, Ashoka and etc have been described in different places.
-== Medicine in the Vedas and Puranas ==
+Vaidya Sushena treated Lakshamana with herbs brought from the Himalayas by Lord hanuman.
-The tradition of medical knowledge is further carried during the period of the puranas.  References to drugs, diseases and health care are to be found in the epics. Thus we see in the Ramayana, that expert physicians attended on kings and they were capable of preserving dead bodies.  In the Mahabharatha there are references to surgeons attending on the wounded and the disabled with all the appliances and equipments in the battle field. <ref name=":0" />
+Usage of poisonous substances
 == Beginnings of Systematic Development ==
-<span class="_ _1"></span>We shall next consider the period whensystematic development can be said to have taken place.  This era is associated with a few illustrious names, the first of whom is Agnivesa.  The Samhita written by him which is classic which has survived to this day has been made available to the world by  Caraka, a redactor.  Historically it would appear that during Caraka’s time the Agnivesa Samhita has fallen into discuse or partly perished, and Caraka undertook  the great task of restoring the work, filing up the gaps and re-writing the parts of the work, which had become obscure.  This will be evident from the subscription to each chapter in which the author states that he has redone the chapter (Pratisamakrita). The work has undergone a further revision by one Dridabala: at least the last 17 chapters devoted to Cikitsa and the whole Kalpa and  Siddhi stanas have been re-written by Dridabala as stated in the colophon of each chapter.<ref name=":0" />
+We shall next consider the period when systematic development can be said to have taken place.  This era is associated with a few illustrious names, the first of whom is Agnivesa.  The Samhita written by him which is classic which has survived to this day has been made available to the world by  Caraka, a redactor.  Historically it would appear that during Caraka’s time the Agnivesa Samhita has fallen into discuse or partly perished, and Charaka undertook  the great task of restoring the work, filing up the gaps and re-writing the parts of the work, which had become obscure.  This will be evident from the subscription to each chapter in which the author states that he has redone the chapter (Pratisamakrita). The work has undergone a further revision by one Dridabala: at least the last 17 chapters devoted to Cikitsa and the whole Kalpa and  Siddhi stanas have been re-written by Dridabala as stated in the colophon of each chapter.<ref name=":0" />
 Story of origin of Ayurveda as per Charaka Samhita sutrasthanam 1

@@ Line 84: / Line 84: @@
 ==== Four objectives of Life ====
-Few keypoints that were discussed in that conference and became the grounds for their further search. discussion as well as for the acceptance of Ayurveda in later time have been described  by Acharya Charaka as follows,
+Few key-points that were discussed in that conference and became the grounds for further search, discussion as well as the very basis for the learning [[Ayurveda (आयुर्वेदः)|Ayurveda]] in later time, have been described  by Acharya Charaka.  <blockquote>धर्मार्थकाममोक्षाणामारोग्यं मूलमुत्तमम्||१५|| रोगास्तस्यापहर्तारः श्रेयसो जीवितस्य च|
 कः सहस्राक्षभवनं गच्छेत् प्रष्टुं शचीपतिम्||१८||

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{ToBeEdited}}
-Ayurveda is the system of medicine that evolved in Bharata. It evolved with a rationale logical foundation and it has survived as a distinct entity from remote antiquity to the present day. The fundamentals on which the Ayurvedic system is based are essentially true for all times and do not change from age to age. These are based on human actors, on intrinsic causes. The origin of Ayurveda is attributed to Atharva Veda where mention is made several diseases with their treatments. Later, from the 6(th) Century BC to 7(th) Century AD there was systematic development of the science and it is called Samhita period, when a number of classical works were produced by several authors and during this period there is evidence of organized medical care.
+Ayurveda is the system of medicine that evolved in Bharata. It evolved with a rationale logical foundation which has been proven by the success of Ayurveda treatments in various diseases since time immemorial. And therefore it has survived as a distinct entity from remote antiquity to the present day. Ayurveda's knowledge and its medical system is based in the fundamentals that are essentially true for all times and do not change from age to age. It is because these are based on human factors, on intrinsic causes. The self is centered and focused and therefore even for any new medical illness or infection the solutions from Ayurveda's point of view can be searched and applied. The origin of Ayurveda is attributed to Atharva Veda where mention is made several diseases with their treatments. Later, from the 6(th) Century BC to 7(th) Century AD there was systematic development of the science and it is called Samhita period, when a number of classical works were produced by several authors and during this period there is evidence of organized medical care.
 == Origin of Ayurveda ==

@@ Line 3: / Line 3: @@
 (TBE)Ayurveda is the system of medicine that evolved in India with a rationale logical foundation and it has survived as a distinct entity from remote antiquity to the present day. The fundamentals on which the Ayurvedic system is based are essentially true for all times and do not change from age to age. These are based on human actors, on intrinsic causes. The origin of Ayurveda is attributed to Atharva Veda where mention is made several diseases with their treatments. Later, from the 6(th) Century BC to 7(th) Century AD there was systematic development of the science and it is called Samhita period, when a number of classical works were produced by several authors and during this period there is evidence of organized medical care.
-Origin of Ayurveda- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G1OOSP_PbNo
+== Origin of Ayurveda ==
 Ayurveda avatarana
@@ Line 9: / Line 10: @@
 Video link- How did Ayurveda come to Earth ? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vp9UJUmXiEg
-Medicine in the Vedas and Puranas:
+==== Problem of health and conference for its solution ====
 विघ्नभूता यदा रोगाः प्रादुर्भूताः शरीरिणाम्|
@@ Line 35: / Line 24: @@
 ==== List of scholars participated in the conference ====
-Expand
 अङ्गिरा जमदग्निश्च वसिष्ठः कश्यपो भृगुः|
@@ Line 70: / Line 59: @@
 ==== Four objectives of Life ====
-Expand
 धर्मार्थकाममोक्षाणामारोग्यं मूलमुत्तमम्||१५||
@@ Line 111: / Line 100: @@
 Who should go to the abode of Indra to inquire about the correct means of amelioration of disease? On this, volunteered Bharadwaja, “I may be deputed for this work” and so he was deputed by the sages. Having gone to Indra’s abode, he saw Indra- the slayer of ''Bala'' (a demon), sitting in the midst of the groups of godly sages and glittering like fire. He approached him with felicitating words of praises and blessings and the intelligent one submitted to him the message of the sages humbly and in the best possible way- “Diseases causing fear in all living beings have appeared so, O Lord of the Gods! Tell me the proper measure for their amelioration!”. Then Lord Indra, having sensed the wide intelligence of the great sage, delivered to him Ayurveda in a few words. [18-23]
-Hierarchy of transfer of knowledge of Ayurveda
+=== Hierarchy of transfer of knowledge of Ayurveda ===
 दीर्घं जीवितमन्विच्छन्भरद्वाज उपागमत्|
@@ Line 121: / Line 108: @@
 Bharadwaja [[2]], a great scholar, went to the King of Gods and the saviour Indra[[3]], in quest of longevity. [3]
 ब्रह्मणा हि यथाप्रोक्तमायुर्वेदं प्रजापतिः|
@@ Line 132: / Line 118: @@
 Ayurveda in its entirety as recited by Brahma[[4]] was received by Prajapati [[5]] at first. Then the Ashwins (received) the knowledge. From Ashwins, lord Indra received it fully. That is why Bharadwaja, as beseeched by the sages, came to Indra.[4-5]
 [[Category:Ayurveda]]